Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/1893/24018
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dc.contributor.authorPhillips, Geoffen_UK
dc.contributor.authorWillby, Nigelen_UK
dc.contributor.authorMoss, Brianen_UK
dc.date.accessioned2016-12-02T00:11:06Z-
dc.date.available2016-12-02T00:11:06Z-
dc.date.issued2016-11en_UK
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1893/24018-
dc.description.abstractOver the last 40 years there has been substantial evidence that high biomasses of submerged aquaticplants and phytoplankton rarely occur together in shallow lakes, but it is clear that when present, plantshave a competitive advantage over algae. Aquatic plants provide habitat structure, which influences the fish community such that zooplanktonand other macroinvertebrates maintain a top-down control on algal growth, and this control is largelyindependent of the nutrient supply to the lake. Nonetheless it is clear that many, but not all, lakes losetheir vegetation as nutrient loading increases. However, in eutrophic lakes, the subsequent dominanceby phytoplankton is more likely to be a result of the loss of vegetation rather than the cause. At higher nutrient levels, grazing or mechanical damage can reduce plant cover allowing rapid devel-opment of algae. Changes to fish community structure or the influence of toxic chemicals can reduceinvertebrate algal grazers, overcoming the positive feedback loops that stabilise the plant dominance. The longer-term stability of macrophyte dominance is also reduced if there are few surviving plantspecies. Such loss of species richness is associated with increased nitrogen loading. Submerged plantsalso depend on a spring clear-water phase to become established, and local weather conditions duringwinter and spring may determine the relative success of phytoplankton and plant growth, leading to aprogressively longer period of algal dominance and fewer surviving plant species. The loss of submerged vegetation from lakes, although often perceived as a rapid change, is more likelyto be the final conclusion of a process in which the competitive advantage of a diverse plant communityis eroded by many pressures that are collectively interpreted as eutrophication. In attempts to manage our environment we hope to find simple, closed stable systems that will respondto measures designed to meet our perceptions of improved ecological quality. What we increasingly findare more complex open systems, which do not necessarily respond as expected. We look for simple andwidely applicable explanations where none are likely to exist.en_UK
dc.language.isoenen_UK
dc.publisherElsevieren_UK
dc.relationPhillips G, Willby N & Moss B (2016) Submerged macrophyte decline in shallow lakes: What have we learnt in the last forty years?. Aquatic Botany, 135, pp. 37-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquabot.2016.04.004en_UK
dc.rightsThis item has been embargoed for a period. During the embargo please use the Request a Copy feature at the foot of the Repository record to request a copy directly from the author. You can only request a copy if you wish to use this work for your own research or private study. Accepted refereed manuscript of: Phillips G, Willby N & Moss B (2016) Submerged macrophyte decline in shallow lakes: What have we learnt in the last forty years?, Aquatic Botany, 135, pp. 37-45. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2016.04.004 © 2016, Elsevier. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalen_UK
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/en_UK
dc.subjectShallow lakesen_UK
dc.subjectNutrientsen_UK
dc.subjectAlternative statesen_UK
dc.subjectChangeen_UK
dc.subjectMacrophyte ecologyen_UK
dc.titleSubmerged macrophyte decline in shallow lakes: What have we learnt in the last forty years?en_UK
dc.typeJournal Articleen_UK
dc.rights.embargodate2018-04-20en_UK
dc.rights.embargoreason[Phillips_Willby_Moss_2016.pdf] Publisher requires embargo of 24 months after formal publication.en_UK
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.aquabot.2016.04.004en_UK
dc.citation.jtitleAquatic Botanyen_UK
dc.citation.issn0304-3770en_UK
dc.citation.volume135en_UK
dc.citation.spage37en_UK
dc.citation.epage45en_UK
dc.citation.publicationstatusPublisheden_UK
dc.citation.peerreviewedRefereeden_UK
dc.type.statusAM - Accepted Manuscripten_UK
dc.author.emailn.j.willby@stir.ac.uken_UK
dc.citation.date19/04/2016en_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationBiological and Environmental Sciencesen_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationBiological and Environmental Sciencesen_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Liverpoolen_UK
dc.identifier.isiWOS:000387631700004en_UK
dc.identifier.scopusid2-s2.0-84975746016en_UK
dc.identifier.wtid554508en_UK
dc.contributor.orcid0000-0002-1020-0933en_UK
dc.date.accepted2016-04-15en_UK
dcterms.dateAccepted2016-04-15en_UK
dc.date.filedepositdate2016-08-15en_UK
rioxxterms.apcnot requireden_UK
rioxxterms.typeJournal Article/Reviewen_UK
rioxxterms.versionAMen_UK
local.rioxx.authorPhillips, Geoff|en_UK
local.rioxx.authorWillby, Nigel|0000-0002-1020-0933en_UK
local.rioxx.authorMoss, Brian|en_UK
local.rioxx.projectInternal Project|University of Stirling|https://isni.org/isni/0000000122484331en_UK
local.rioxx.freetoreaddate2018-04-20en_UK
local.rioxx.licencehttp://www.rioxx.net/licenses/under-embargo-all-rights-reserved||2018-04-19en_UK
local.rioxx.licencehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/|2018-04-20|en_UK
local.rioxx.filenamePhillips_Willby_Moss_2016.pdfen_UK
local.rioxx.filecount1en_UK
local.rioxx.source0304-3770en_UK
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