Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/1893/884
Appears in Collections:Biological and Environmental Sciences Journal Articles
Peer Review Status: Refereed
Title: Plant community responses to experimental warming across the tundra biome
Author(s): Walker, Marilyn D
Wahren, C Henrik
Hollister, Robert D
Henry, Greg H R
Ahlquist, Lorraine E
Alatalo, Juha M
Bret-Harte, M Syndonia
Calef, Monika P
Callaghan, Terry V
Carroll, Amy B
Epstein, Howard E
Jonsdottir, Ingibjorg S
Klein, Julia A
Magnussonm, Borgbor
Molau, Ulf
Oberbauer, Steven F
Rewa, Steven P
Robinson, Clare H
Shaver, Gaius R
Suding, Katharine N
Thompson, Catharine C
Tolvanen, Anne
Totland, Orjan
Turner, P Lee
Tweedie, Craig E
Webber, Patrick J
Wookey, Philip
Contact Email: pw9@stir.ac.uk
Keywords: Arctic and alpine ecosystems
Biodiversity
Climate change
Vegetation change
Tundra ecology
Plants, Effects of global warming on
Climatic changes Environmental aspects
Issue Date: 31-Jan-2006
Date Deposited: 4-Mar-2009
Citation: Walker MD, Wahren CH, Hollister RD, Henry GHR, Ahlquist LE, Alatalo JM, Bret-Harte MS, Calef MP, Callaghan TV, Carroll AB, Epstein HE, Jonsdottir IS, Klein JA, Magnussonm B, Molau U, Oberbauer SF, Rewa SP, Robinson CH, Shaver GR, Suding KN, Thompson CC, Tolvanen A, Totland O, Turner PL, Tweedie CE, Webber PJ & Wookey P (2006) Plant community responses to experimental warming across the tundra biome. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 103 (5), pp. 1342-1346. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0503198103
Abstract: Recent observations of changes in some tundra ecosystems appear to be responses to a warming climate. Several experimental studies have shown that tundra plants and ecosystems can respond strongly to environmental change, including warming; however, most studies were limited to a single location and were of short duration and based on a variety of experimental designs. In addition, comparisons among studies are difficult because a variety of techniques have been used to achieve experimental warming and different measurements have been used to assess responses. We used metaanalysis on plant community measurements from standardized warming experiments at 11 locations across the tundra biome involved in the International Tundra Experiment. The passive warming treatment increased plant level air temperature by 1–3°C, which is in the range of predicted and observed warming or tundra regions. Responses were rapid and detected in whole plant communities after only two growing seasons. Overall, warming increased height and cover of deciduous shrubs and graminoids, decreased cover of mosses and lichens, and decreased species diversity and evenness. These results predict that warming will cause a decline in biodiversity across a wide variety of tundra, at least in the short term. They also provide rigorous experimental evidence that recently observed increases in shrub cover in many tundra regions are in response to climate warming. These changes have important implications for processes and interactions within tundra ecosystems and between tundra and the atmosphere.
DOI Link: 10.1073/pnas.0503198103
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