Photoautotrophs and macroinvertebrate trophic relations in calcareous semiarid streams: The role of Cyanobacteria

Abstract

Photoautotrophs and macroinvertebrate trophic relations in Mediterranean streams, especially from semiarid areas, are still poorly known, as is the role of Cyanobacteria, which is the most frequently dominant photoautotroph. To investigate the role of Cyanobacteria as a food resource in these systems, the fatty acid composition of primary and secondary producers was investigated in two streams on a semiarid climatic gradient between 200 and 500 mm of rainfall in SE Spain. Fatty acid composition of photoautotrophs and macroinvertebrates differed among streams in summer and among seasons in each stream. Fatty acid fingerprints show that macroinvertebrates usually fed on the dominant photoautotroph assemblage and that Cyanobacteria represent the main food for all the feeding groups in the Alhárabe stream in winter although filamentous green algae were preferred in summer. Only scrapers consuming Chlorophyta displayed a selective feeding behaviour. The results show the importance of cyanobacteria as food for all collected macroinvertebrates in winter in some semiarid streams and confirm that fatty acids can be used as temporal and spatial markers in fluvial systems.