Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/1893/29998
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dc.contributor.authorPoikane, Sandraen_UK
dc.contributor.authorKelly, Martyn Gen_UK
dc.contributor.authorHerrero, Fuensanta Salasen_UK
dc.contributor.authorPitt, Jo-Anneen_UK
dc.contributor.authorJarvie, Helen Pen_UK
dc.contributor.authorClaussen, Ulrichen_UK
dc.contributor.authorLeujak, Weraen_UK
dc.contributor.authorSolheim, Anne Lycheen_UK
dc.contributor.authorTeixeira, Helianaen_UK
dc.contributor.authorPhillips, Geoffen_UK
dc.date.accessioned2019-08-20T00:05:33Z-
dc.date.available2019-08-20T00:05:33Z-
dc.date.issued2019-12-10en_UK
dc.identifier.other133888en_UK
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1893/29998-
dc.description.abstractThe aim of European water policy is to achieve good ecological status in all rivers, lakes, coastal and transitional waters by 2027. Currently, more than half of water bodies are in a degraded condition and nutrient enrichment is one of the main culprits. Therefore, there is a pressing need to establish reliable and comparable nutrient criteria that are consistent with good ecological status. This paper highlights the wide range of nutrient criteria currently in use by Member States of the European Union to support good ecological status and goes on to suggest that inappropriate criteria may be hindering the improvements required in some of these. Along with a comprehensive overview of nutrient criteria, we provide a critical analysis of the threshold concentrations and approaches by which these are set. We identify four essential issues: (1) Different nutrients (nitrogen and/or phosphorus) are used for different water categories in different countries. (2) The use of different nutrient fractions (total, dissolved inorganic) and statistical summary metrics (e.g., mean, percentiles, seasonal, annual) currently hampers comparability between countries, particularly for rivers, transitional and coastal waters. (3) Wide ranges in nutrient threshold values within shared water body types, in some cases showing more than a 10-fold difference in concentrations. (4) Different approaches used to set threshold nutrient concentrations to define the boundary between “good” and “moderate” ecological status. Expert judgement-based methods resulted in significantly higher (less stringent) good-moderate threshold values compared with data-driven approaches, highlighting the importance of consistent and rigorous approaches to criteria setting. We suggest that further development of nutrient criteria should be based on relationships between ecological status and nutrient concentrations, taking into account the need for comparability between different water categories, water body types within these categories, and countries.en_UK
dc.language.isoenen_UK
dc.publisherElsevieren_UK
dc.relationPoikane S, Kelly MG, Herrero FS, Pitt J, Jarvie HP, Claussen U, Leujak W, Solheim AL, Teixeira H & Phillips G (2019) Nutrient criteria for surface waters under the European Water Framework Directive: Current state-of-the-art, challenges and future outlook. Science of The Total Environment, 695, Art. No.: 133888. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133888en_UK
dc.rightsThis article is available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). You may copy and distribute the article, create extracts, abstracts and new works from the article, alter and revise the article, text or data mine the article and otherwise reuse the article commercially (including reuse and/or resale of the article) without permission from Elsevier. You must give appropriate credit to the original work, together with a link to the formal publication through the relevant DOI and a link to the Creative Commons user license above. You must indicate if any changes are made but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use of the work.en_UK
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en_UK
dc.subjectEutrophicationen_UK
dc.subjectEcological statusen_UK
dc.subjectPhosphorusen_UK
dc.subjectNitrogenen_UK
dc.subjectInland watersen_UK
dc.subjectCoastal watersen_UK
dc.titleNutrient criteria for surface waters under the European Water Framework Directive: Current state-of-the-art, challenges and future outlooken_UK
dc.typeJournal Articleen_UK
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133888en_UK
dc.citation.jtitleScience of the Total Environmenten_UK
dc.citation.issn1879-1026en_UK
dc.citation.issn0048-9697en_UK
dc.citation.volume695en_UK
dc.citation.publicationstatusPublisheden_UK
dc.citation.peerreviewedRefereeden_UK
dc.type.statusVoR - Version of Recorden_UK
dc.citation.date13/08/2019en_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationEuropean Commissionen_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Nottinghamen_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationEuropean Commissionen_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationEnvironment Agencyen_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationCentre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH)en_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationFederal Environment Agency (Germany)en_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationFederal Environment Agency (Germany)en_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationNorwegian Institute for Water Researchen_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Aveiroen_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationBiological and Environmental Sciencesen_UK
dc.identifier.isiWOS:000496802200110en_UK
dc.identifier.scopusid2-s2.0-85070751603en_UK
dc.identifier.wtid1429729en_UK
dc.date.accepted2019-08-10en_UK
dcterms.dateAccepted2019-08-10en_UK
dc.date.filedepositdate2019-08-19en_UK
rioxxterms.apcnot requireden_UK
rioxxterms.typeJournal Article/Reviewen_UK
rioxxterms.versionVoRen_UK
local.rioxx.authorPoikane, Sandra|en_UK
local.rioxx.authorKelly, Martyn G|en_UK
local.rioxx.authorHerrero, Fuensanta Salas|en_UK
local.rioxx.authorPitt, Jo-Anne|en_UK
local.rioxx.authorJarvie, Helen P|en_UK
local.rioxx.authorClaussen, Ulrich|en_UK
local.rioxx.authorLeujak, Wera|en_UK
local.rioxx.authorSolheim, Anne Lyche|en_UK
local.rioxx.authorTeixeira, Heliana|en_UK
local.rioxx.authorPhillips, Geoff|en_UK
local.rioxx.projectInternal Project|University of Stirling|https://isni.org/isni/0000000122484331en_UK
local.rioxx.freetoreaddate2019-08-19en_UK
local.rioxx.licencehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/|2019-08-19|en_UK
local.rioxx.filename1-s2.0-S0048969719338380-main.pdfen_UK
local.rioxx.filecount1en_UK
local.rioxx.source1879-1026en_UK
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