Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/1893/26844
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dc.contributor.authorFichi, Gianlucaen_UK
dc.contributor.authorCarboni, Stefanoen_UK
dc.contributor.authorBron, Jamesen_UK
dc.contributor.authorIreland, Jacquelineen_UK
dc.contributor.authorLeaver, Michaelen_UK
dc.contributor.authorPaladini, Giuseppeen_UK
dc.date.accessioned2018-05-04T00:10:03Z-
dc.date.available2018-05-04T00:10:03Z-
dc.date.issued2018-03en_UK
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1893/26844-
dc.description.abstractCiliates have been reported as pathogens of many species of economically important bivalves. Mussel protozoan X (MPX), is an uncharacterised intracellular ciliate of mussels and has been widely reported in Mytilus spp. around the world. In order to characterise this ciliate, Mytilus edulis samples were collected from a site on the West coast of Scotland, and four different fixatives for histological examination were tested. Fresh preparations of mussel digestive glands were also examined by laser scanning confocal microscopy. Intracellular ciliates were prepared by laser capture microdissection and partial sequences of small subunit ribosomal RNA gene and of large subunit ribosomal RNA gene were generated, using Phyllopharyngea primers. Methacarn solution proved to be the best fixative for both histological and molecular characterisation. The morphological and molecular investigations confirmed that this ciliate belongs to the class Phyllopharyngea, order Rhynchodida. However, this organism does not belong to any known family, genus or species, therefore, a new description is necessary, following further morphological analyses. Most mussel samples containing MPX displayed mild to moderate infections, with no signs of necrosis or haemocytic response, although a single sample displayed a severe infection (∼103 ciliates per section). The localisation of this ciliate in tissues other than the digestive gland, the presence of necrosis in infected tissue of the most severely infected mussel and the binary fission of this ciliate have been observed here for the first time. We also report the first observation of the live ciliate isolated from tissue. Although MPX remains of unknown significance to the mussel industry, tools and protocols described here will be useful in further characterising these and other ciliates (subclass Rhynchodia) known as pathogens for bivalves.en_UK
dc.language.isoenen_UK
dc.publisherElsevieren_UK
dc.relationFichi G, Carboni S, Bron J, Ireland J, Leaver M & Paladini G (2018) Characterisation of the intracellular protozoan MPX in Scottish mussels, Mytilus edulis Linnaeus, 1758. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 153, pp. 99-108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jip.2018.02.022en_UK
dc.rightsThis item has been embargoed for a period. During the embargo please use the Request a Copy feature at the foot of the Repository record to request a copy directly from the author. You can only request a copy if you wish to use this work for your own research or private study. Accepted refereed manuscript of: Fichi, G., Carboni, S., Bron, J.E., Ireland, J., Leaver, M.J., Paladini, G., Characterisation of the intracellular protozoan MPX in Scottish mussels, Mytilus edulis Linnaeus, 1758, Journal of Invertebrate Pathology (2018), doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jip.2018.02.022 © 2018, Elsevier. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/en_UK
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/en_UK
dc.subjectMussel protozoan Xen_UK
dc.subjectRhynchodidaen_UK
dc.subjectCiliateen_UK
dc.subjectBivalveen_UK
dc.subjectDigestive glanden_UK
dc.subjectPhylogenyen_UK
dc.titleCharacterisation of the intracellular protozoan MPX in Scottish mussels, Mytilus edulis Linnaeus, 1758en_UK
dc.typeJournal Articleen_UK
dc.rights.embargoreason[Fichi et al 2018.pdf] Publisher requires embargo of 12 months after formal publication.en_UK
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.jip.2018.02.022en_UK
dc.identifier.pmid29501663en_UK
dc.citation.jtitleJournal of Invertebrate Pathologyen_UK
dc.citation.issn0022-2011en_UK
dc.citation.volume153en_UK
dc.citation.spage99en_UK
dc.citation.epage108en_UK
dc.citation.publicationstatusPublisheden_UK
dc.citation.peerreviewedRefereeden_UK
dc.type.statusAM - Accepted Manuscripten_UK
dc.author.emailstefano.carboni@stir.ac.uken_UK
dc.citation.date01/03/2018en_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationInstitute of Aquacultureen_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationInstitute of Aquacultureen_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationInstitute of Aquacultureen_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationInstitute of Aquacultureen_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationInstitute of Aquacultureen_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationInstitute of Aquacultureen_UK
dc.identifier.isiWOS:000429892400014en_UK
dc.identifier.scopusid2-s2.0-85042885194en_UK
dc.identifier.wtid879775en_UK
dc.contributor.orcid0000-0002-9780-9476en_UK
dc.contributor.orcid0000-0002-1302-1068en_UK
dc.contributor.orcid0000-0003-3544-0519en_UK
dc.contributor.orcid0000-0002-3155-0844en_UK
dc.contributor.orcid0000-0003-4944-0499en_UK
dc.date.accepted2018-02-28en_UK
dcterms.dateAccepted2018-02-28en_UK
dc.date.filedepositdate2018-03-22en_UK
rioxxterms.apcnot requireden_UK
rioxxterms.typeJournal Article/Reviewen_UK
rioxxterms.versionAMen_UK
local.rioxx.authorFichi, Gianluca|0000-0002-9780-9476en_UK
local.rioxx.authorCarboni, Stefano|0000-0002-1302-1068en_UK
local.rioxx.authorBron, James|0000-0003-3544-0519en_UK
local.rioxx.authorIreland, Jacqueline|en_UK
local.rioxx.authorLeaver, Michael|0000-0002-3155-0844en_UK
local.rioxx.authorPaladini, Giuseppe|0000-0003-4944-0499en_UK
local.rioxx.projectInternal Project|University of Stirling|https://isni.org/isni/0000000122484331en_UK
local.rioxx.freetoreaddate2019-03-02en_UK
local.rioxx.licencehttp://www.rioxx.net/licenses/under-embargo-all-rights-reserved||2019-03-01en_UK
local.rioxx.licencehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/|2019-03-02|en_UK
local.rioxx.filenameFichi et al 2018.pdfen_UK
local.rioxx.filecount1en_UK
local.rioxx.source0022-2011en_UK
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