Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/1893/25831
Appears in Collections:Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport Journal Articles
Peer Review Status: Refereed
Title: Adding Fish Oil to Whey Protein, Leucine and Carbohydrate Over a 6 Week Supplementation Period Attenuates Muscle Soreness Following Eccentric Exercise in Competitive Soccer Players
Author(s): Philpott, Jordan D
Donnelly, Chris
Walshe, Ian
Dick, James R
Galloway, S D
Tipton, Kevin
Witard, Oliver
Contact Email: k.d.tipton@stir.ac.uk
Keywords: Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids
muscle damage
muscle recovery
soccerperformance
Issue Date: Jan-2018
Date Deposited: 6-Sep-2017
Citation: Philpott JD, Donnelly C, Walshe I, Dick JR, Galloway SD, Tipton K & Witard O (2018) Adding Fish Oil to Whey Protein, Leucine and Carbohydrate Over a 6 Week Supplementation Period Attenuates Muscle Soreness Following Eccentric Exercise in Competitive Soccer Players. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 28 (1), pp. 26-36. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2017-0161
Abstract: Soccer players often experience eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage given the physical demands of soccer match-play. Since long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3PUFA) enhance muscle sensitivity to protein supplementation, dietary supplementation with a combination of fish oil-derived n-3PUFA, protein, and carbohydrate may promote exercise recovery. This study examined the influence of adding n-3PUFA to a whey protein, leucine, and carbohydrate containing beverage over a six-week supplementation period on physiological markers of recovery measured over three days following eccentric exercise. Competitive soccer players were assigned to one of three conditions (2 × 200 mL): a fish oil supplement beverage (FO; n = 10) that contained n-3PUFA (1100 mg DHA/EPA - approximately 550 mg DHA, 550 mg EPA), whey protein (15 g), leucine (1.8 g), and carbohydrate (20 g); a protein supplement beverage (PRO; n = 10) that contained whey protein (15 g), leucine (1.8 g), and carbohydrate (20 g); and a carbohydrate supplement beverage (CHO; n = 10) that contained carbohydrate (24 g). Eccentric exercise consisted of unilateral knee extension/flexion contractions on both legs separately. Maximal force production was impaired by 22% during the 72-hour recovery period following eccentric exercise (p < 0.05). Muscle soreness, expressed as area under the curve (AUC) during 72-hour recovery, was less in FO (1948 ± 1091 mm × 72 h) than PRO (4640 ± 2654 mm × 72 h, p < 4 0.05) and CHO (4495 ± 1853 mm × 72 h, p = 0.10). Blood concentrations of creatine kinase, expressed as AUC, were ~60% lower in FO compared to CHO (p < 0.05) and tended to be lower (~39%, p = 0.07) than PRO. No differences in muscle function, soccer performance, or blood c-reactive protein concentrations were observed between groups. In conclusion, the addition of n-3PUFA to a beverage containing whey protein, leucine, and carbohydrate ameliorates the increase in muscle soreness and blood concentrations of creatine kinase following eccentric exercise in competitive soccer players.
DOI Link: 10.1123/ijsnem.2017-0161
Rights: Accepted author manuscript version reprinted, by permission, from International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, Volume 28 Issue 1, January 2018. © Human Kinetics, Inc. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2017-0161 This article will be published in a forthcoming issue of the International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism. This article appears here in its accepted, peer-reviewed form; it has not been copyedited, proofed, or formatted by the publisher.

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