Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/1893/23159
Appears in Collections:Aquaculture Journal Articles
Peer Review Status: Refereed
Title: Hydrogen peroxide treatment in Atlantic salmon induces stress and detoxification response in a daily manner
Author(s): Vera, LM
Migaud, Herve
Contact Email: herve.migaud@stir.ac.uk
Keywords: Atlantic salmon
chronotherapy
chronotoxicity
daily rhythms
hydrogen peroxide
oxidative stress
stress response
Issue Date: 2016
Date Deposited: 26-Apr-2016
Citation: Vera L & Migaud H (2016) Hydrogen peroxide treatment in Atlantic salmon induces stress and detoxification response in a daily manner. Chronobiology International, 33 (5), pp. 530-542. https://doi.org/10.3109/07420528.2015.1131164
Abstract: Daily variation in the absorption, metabolism and excretion of toxic substances will ultimately determine the actual concentration to which the cells and tissues are exposed. In aquaculture, Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) can be frequently exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to treat topical skin and gill infections, particularly in relation to parasitic infections (e.g. sea liceLepeophtheirus salmonisand amoebic gill disease caused byNeoparamoeba perurans). It is well accepted that the time of administration influences pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of drugs which in turn affects their efficacy and toxicity. Consequently, a better understanding of drug side effects as a function of time of day exposure would help to improve treatment efficacy and fish welfare. To this end, salmon were exposed to H2O2(1500 mg/L) for 20 min at six different times of the day during a 24-h cycle and we investigated the time-dependent effects of exposure on physiological stress (glucose, lactate and cortisol) and antioxidant enzyme expression (gpx1, cat, Mn-sodandhsp70) in liver and gills. In addition, at each sampling point, 8 control fish were also sampled. Our results revealed that the time of administration of H2O2caused significant differences in the induction of both physiological and oxidative stress responses. Glucose and lactate were higher in the treated fish during daytime whereas cortisol levels appeared to be systematically increased (>1000 ng/mL) after H2O2treatment irrespective of exposure time, although differences with control levels were higher during the day. In liver, gene expression of antioxidant enzymes displayed daily rhythmicity in both treated and control groups and showed higher mRNA expression levels in salmon treated with H2O2at ZT6 (6 h after lights onset). In gills, rhythmic expression was only found forgpx1in the control fish and forhsp70andMn-sodin the treated groups. However, in the treated salmon, higher gene expression levels of all the investigated enzymes were also observed at ZT6-10. Clock gene expression showed rhythmicity only in the liver in accordance with the daily rhythm of enzyme expression observed in this tissue. Altogether, this study provides first evidence of chronotoxicity in Atlantic salmon treated with H2O2and suggests increased sublethal toxic effect during the first half of the day. These results have direct relevance to the salmon and broader aquaculture industry by optimising the timing of treatment administration, opening the door to chronotherapy to treat fish diseases.
DOI Link: 10.3109/07420528.2015.1131164
Rights: This item has been embargoed for a period. During the embargo please use the Request a Copy feature at the foot of the Repository record to request a copy directly from the author. You can only request a copy if you wish to use this work for your own research or private study. This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis Group in Chronobiology International on 08 April 2016, available online: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.3109/07420528.2015.1131164

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