Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/1893/22568
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dc.contributor.authorMcGorum, Bruce Cen_UK
dc.contributor.authorPirie, R Scotten_UK
dc.contributor.authorGlendinning, Lauraen_UK
dc.contributor.authorMcLachlan, Gerryen_UK
dc.contributor.authorMetcalf, James Sen_UK
dc.contributor.authorBanack, Sandra Aen_UK
dc.contributor.authorCox, Paul Aen_UK
dc.contributor.authorCodd, Geoffreyen_UK
dc.date.accessioned2015-12-09T23:41:14Z-
dc.date.available2015-12-09T23:41:14Z-
dc.date.issued2015-02-25en_UK
dc.identifier.other16en_UK
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1893/22568-
dc.description.abstractWhile toxins from aquatic cyanobacteria are a well-recognised cause of disease in birds and animals, exposure of grazing livestock to terrestrial cyanobacteria has not been described. This study identified terrestrial cyanobacteria, predominantlyPhormidiumspp., in the biofilm of plants from most livestock fields investigated. Lower numbers of other cyanobacteria, microalgae and fungi were present on many plants. Cyanobacterial 16S rDNA, predominantly fromPhormidiumspp., was detected in all samples tested, including 6 plant washings, 1 soil sample and ileal contents from 2 grazing horses. Further work was performed to test the hypothesis that ingestion of cyanotoxins contributes to the pathogenesis of some currently unexplained diseases of grazing horses, including equine grass sickness (EGS), equine motor neuron disease (EMND) and hepatopathy.Phormidiumpopulation density was significantly higher on EGS fields than on control fields. The cyanobacterial neurotoxic amino acid 2,4-diaminobutyric acid (DAB) was detected in plant washings from EGS fields, but worst case scenario estimations suggested the dose would be insufficient to cause disease. Neither DAB nor the cyanobacterial neurotoxins β-N-methylamino-L-alanine and N-(2-aminoethyl) glycine were detected in neural tissue from 6 EGS horses, 2 EMND horses and 7 control horses.Phormidiumwas present in low numbers on plants where horses had unexplained hepatopathy. This study did not yield evidence linking known cyanotoxins with disease in grazing horses. However, further study is warranted to identify and quantify toxins produced by cyanobacteria on livestock fields, and determine whether, under appropriate conditions, known or unknown cyanotoxins contribute to currently unexplained diseases in grazing livestock.en_UK
dc.language.isoenen_UK
dc.publisherBioMed Centralen_UK
dc.relationMcGorum BC, Pirie RS, Glendinning L, McLachlan G, Metcalf JS, Banack SA, Cox PA & Codd G (2015) Grazing livestock are exposed to terrestrial cyanobacteria. Veterinary Research, 46 (1), Art. No.: 16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13567-015-0143-xen_UK
dc.rights© 2015 McGorum et al.; licensee BioMed Central. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.en_UK
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en_UK
dc.titleGrazing livestock are exposed to terrestrial cyanobacteriaen_UK
dc.typeJournal Articleen_UK
dc.identifier.doi10.1186/s13567-015-0143-xen_UK
dc.identifier.pmid25828258en_UK
dc.citation.jtitleVeterinary Researchen_UK
dc.citation.issn1297-9716en_UK
dc.citation.issn0928-4249en_UK
dc.citation.volume46en_UK
dc.citation.issue1en_UK
dc.citation.publicationstatusPublisheden_UK
dc.citation.peerreviewedRefereeden_UK
dc.type.statusVoR - Version of Recorden_UK
dc.author.emailg.a.codd@stir.ac.uken_UK
dc.citation.date25/02/2015en_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Edinburghen_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Edinburghen_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Edinburghen_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Edinburghen_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationInstitute for Ethnomedicineen_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationInstitute for Ethnomedicineen_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationInstitute for Ethnomedicineen_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationBiological and Environmental Sciencesen_UK
dc.identifier.isiWOS:000350262200001en_UK
dc.identifier.scopusid2-s2.0-84924068609en_UK
dc.identifier.wtid583010en_UK
dc.date.accepted2015-01-06en_UK
dcterms.dateAccepted2015-01-06en_UK
dc.date.filedepositdate2015-12-02en_UK
rioxxterms.apcnot requireden_UK
rioxxterms.typeJournal Article/Reviewen_UK
rioxxterms.versionVoRen_UK
local.rioxx.authorMcGorum, Bruce C|en_UK
local.rioxx.authorPirie, R Scott|en_UK
local.rioxx.authorGlendinning, Laura|en_UK
local.rioxx.authorMcLachlan, Gerry|en_UK
local.rioxx.authorMetcalf, James S|en_UK
local.rioxx.authorBanack, Sandra A|en_UK
local.rioxx.authorCox, Paul A|en_UK
local.rioxx.authorCodd, Geoffrey|en_UK
local.rioxx.projectInternal Project|University of Stirling|https://isni.org/isni/0000000122484331en_UK
local.rioxx.freetoreaddate2015-12-02en_UK
local.rioxx.licencehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/|2015-12-02|en_UK
local.rioxx.filenameMcGorum et al_Veterinary Research_2015.pdfen_UK
local.rioxx.filecount1en_UK
local.rioxx.source0928-4249en_UK
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