Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/1893/27571
Appears in Collections:Biological and Environmental Sciences Journal Articles
Peer Review Status: Refereed
Title: Rewilding wetlands: beaver as agents of within-habitat heterogeneity and the responses of contrasting biota
Author(s): Willby, Nigel J
Law, Alan
Levanoni, Oded
Foster, Garth
Ecke, Frauke
Keywords: beaver
wetland
rewilding
biodiversity
aquatic habitat
Issue Date: 5-Dec-2018
Date Deposited: 27-Jul-2018
Citation: Willby NJ, Law A, Levanoni O, Foster G & Ecke F (2018) Rewilding wetlands: beaver as agents of within-habitat heterogeneity and the responses of contrasting biota. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 373 (1761), Art. No.: 20170444. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2017.0444
Abstract: Ecosystem engineers can increase biodiversity by creating novel habitat supporting species that would otherwise be absent. Their more routine activities further influence the biota occupying engineered habitats. Beavers are well-known for transforming ecosystems through dam building and are therefore increasingly being utilised for habitat restoration, adaptation to climate extremes, and in long term rewilding. Abandoned beaver ponds develop into meadows or forested wetlands that differ fundamentally from other terrestrial habitats and thus increase landscape diversity. Active beaver ponds, by contrast, are superficially similar to other non-engineered shallow wetlands, but ongoing use and maintenance might affect how beaver ponds contribute to aquatic biodiversity. We explored the 'within-habitat' effect of an ecosystem engineer by comparing active beaver ponds (BP) in southern Sweden with coexisting other wetlands (OW), using sedentary (plants) and mobile (water beetles) organisms as indicators. BP differed predictably from OW in environmental characteristics and were more heterogeneous. BP supported more plant species at plot (+15%) and site (+33%) scales, and plant beta diversity, based on turnover between plots, was 17% higher than in other wetlands (OW), contributing to a significantly larger species pool in BP (+17%). Beetles were not differentiated between BP and OW based on diversity measures but were 26% more abundant in BP. Independent of habitat creation beaver are thus significant agents of within-habitat heterogeneity that differentiates beaver ponds from other standing water habitat; as an integral component of the rewilding of wetlands re-establishing beaver should benefit aquatic biodiversity across multiple scales.
DOI Link: 10.1098/rstb.2017.0444
Rights: Publisher policy allows this work to be made available in this repository. Accepted for publication in Philosophical Transactions B: Biological Sciences by the Royal Society. The original publication is available at: https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2017.0444

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