Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/1893/24404
Appears in Collections:Biological and Environmental Sciences Journal Articles
Peer Review Status: Refereed
Title: Functional diversity underlies demographic responses to environmental variation in European forests: Tree diversity and demography in European forests
Author(s): Ruiz-Benito, Paloma
Ratcliffe, Sophia
Jump, Alistair S
Gómez-Aparicio, Lorena
Madrigal-González, Jaime
Wirth, Christian
Kändler, Gerald
Lehtonen, Aleksi
Dahlgren, Jonas
Kattge, Jens
Zavala, Miguel A
Contact Email: a.s.jump@stir.ac.uk
Keywords: Boreal biome
climate warming
forest succession
FunDivEUROPE
growth
Mediterranean biome
mortality
plant functional traits
recruitment
temperate biome
Issue Date: 28-Feb-2017
Date Deposited: 17-Oct-2016
Citation: Ruiz-Benito P, Ratcliffe S, Jump AS, Gómez-Aparicio L, Madrigal-González J, Wirth C, Kändler G, Lehtonen A, Dahlgren J, Kattge J & Zavala MA (2017) Functional diversity underlies demographic responses to environmental variation in European forests: Tree diversity and demography in European forests. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 26 (2), pp. 128-141. https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.12515
Abstract: Aim  Biodiversity loss and climate-driven ecosystem modification are leading to substantial changes in forest structure and function. However, the effects of diversity on demographic responses to the environment are poorly understood. We tested the diversity hypothesis (measured through functional diversity) and the mass ratio hypothesis (measured through functional identity) in relation to tree growth, tree mortality and sapling abundance. We sought to determine whether functional diversity underlies demographic responses to environmental variation in European forests.  Location  Europe (Spain, Germany, Wallonia, Finland and Sweden).  Methods  We used data from five European national forest inventories from boreal to Mediterranean biomes (c. 700,000 trees in 54,000 plots and 143 tree species) and the main forest types across Europe (i.e. from needle-leaved evergreen forests to broad-leaved deciduous forests). For each forest type, we applied maximum likelihood techniques to quantify the relative importance of stand structure, climate and diversity (i.e. functional diversity and functional identity) as determinants of growth, mortality and sapling abundance. We also tested whether demographic responses to environmental conditions (including stand density, evapotranspiration and temperature anomalies) varied with functional diversity.  Results  Our results suggest that functional diversity has a positive effect on sapling abundance and growth rates in forests across Europe, while no effect was observed on tree mortality. Functional identity has a strong effect on mortality and sapling abundance, with greater mortality rates in forests dominated by needle-leaved individuals and a greater abundance of saplings in forests dominated by broad-leaved individuals. Furthermore, we observed that functional diversity modified the effects of stand density on demographic responses in Mediterranean forests and the influence of evapotranspiration and temperature anomalies in forests widely distributed across Europe.  Main conclusion  Our results suggest that functional diversity may play a key role in forest dynamics through complementarity mechanisms, as well as by modulating demographic responses to environmental variation.
DOI Link: 10.1111/geb.12515
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