The failure of competence-based qualifications: An analysis of work-based vocational education policy in Scotland

Abstract

This article critically explores the gap between the policy and practice of competence-based Scottish Vocational Qualifications (SVQs). It shows how SVQs have become an 'institutionally led' low-skill work-based qualification in danger of being marginalized within a unified post-16 education and training framework. From a labour market perspective, the free market credentialist practices championed over the last two decades have clearly failed to bring together the supply and demand side of the educational equation. The issues are illustrated through an analysis of vocational qualifications and labour market datasets for Scotland. It develops the argument for a more devolved and integrated vocational qualification structure that brings together the academic and vocational curriculum within single awards. The paper provides the first detailed analysis of SVQ policy and practice in the competence-based literature