Organizational Effectiveness of Athletic Departments and Coaches' Extra- Role Behaviors

Abstract

The objective of the current study was to explore and describe the relationship between coaches’ extra-role behaviors (precisely organizational commitment – OC and organizational citizenship behavior – OCB) and the organizational effectiveness (OE) of athletic departments. OC was measured through 12 items that represent its three dimensions: affective, normative, and continuance commitment (Meyer, Allen, & Smith, 1993; Turner & Chelladurai, 2005). OCB was measured using five items that represent its three dimensions: sportsmanship, civic virtue, and helping behaviors (Podsakoff & Mackenzie, 1994). Following the current tendency in the literature (Cunningham, 2002; Putler & Wolfe, 1999; Smart & Wolfe, 2000), OE of athletic departments was investigated in four dimensions: athletic achievement, student-athletes education, social performance, and financial performance. Coaches (N = 241) from NCAA Division I universities responded to the questionnaire. The results indicated coaches’ commitment and citizenship behaviors were not good predictors of effectiveness of athletic departments. Coaches’ extra-role behaviors either explained small changes in effectiveness or did not explain effectiveness.