Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/1893/26934
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dc.contributor.authorMcGee, Ciara Een_UK
dc.contributor.authorTrigwell, Joanneen_UK
dc.contributor.authorFairclough, Stuart Jen_UK
dc.contributor.authorMurphy, Rebecca Cen_UK
dc.contributor.authorPorcellato, Lornaen_UK
dc.contributor.authorUssher, Michaelen_UK
dc.contributor.authorFoweather, Lawrenceen_UK
dc.date.accessioned2018-04-03T23:52:50Z-
dc.date.available2018-04-03T23:52:50Z-
dc.date.issued2016-05-26en_UK
dc.identifier.other445en_UK
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1893/26934-
dc.description.abstractBackground: Preventing children from smoking is a public health priority. This study evaluated the effects of a sport-for-health smoking prevention programme (SmokeFree Sports) on smoking-related intentions and cognitions among primary school children from deprived communities.  Methods: A non-randomised-controlled trial targeted 9-10 year old children from Merseyside, North-West England. 32 primary schools received a programme of sport-for-health activities over 7 months; 11 comparison schools followed usual routines. Data were collected pre-intervention (T0), and at 8 months (T1) and one year post-intervention (T2). Smoking-related intentions and cognitions were assessed using an online questionnaire. Intervention effects were analysed using multi-level modelling (school, student), adjusted for baseline values and potential confounders. Mixed-sex focus groups (n = 18) were conducted at T1.  Results: 961 children completed all assessments and were included in the final analyses. There were no significant differences between the two study groups for non-smoking intentions (T1: β = 0.02, 95 % CI = -0.08-0.12; T2: β = 0.08, 95 % CI = -0.02-0.17) or for cigarette refusal self-efficacy (T1: β = 0.28, 95 % CI = -0.11-0.67; T2: β = 0.23, 95 % CI = -0.07-0.52). At T1 there was a positive intervention effect for cigarette refusal self-efficacy in girls (β = 0.72, 95 % CI = 0.21-1.23). Intervention participants were more likely to 'definitely' believe that: 'it is not safe to smoke for a year or two as long as you quit after that' (RR = 1.19, 95 % CI = 1.07-1.33), 'it is difficult to quit smoking once started' (RR = 1.56, 95 % CI = 1.38-1.76), 'smoke from other peoples' cigarettes is harmful' (RR = 1.19, 95 % CI = 1.20-2.08), 'smoking affects sports performance' (RR = 1.73, 95 % CI = 1.59-1.88) and 'smoking makes 'no difference' to weight' (RR = 2.13, 95 % CI = 1.86-2.44). At T2, significant between-group differences remained just for 'smoking affects sports performance' (RR = 1.57, 95 % CI = 1.43-1.72). Focus groups showed that SFS made children determined to remain smoke free and that the interactive activities aided children's understanding of smoking harms.  Conclusion: SFS demonstrated short-term positive effects on smoking attitudes among children, and cigarette refusal self-efficacy among girls. Although no effects were observed for non-smoking intentions, children said that SFS made them more determined not to smoke. Most children had strong intentions not to smoke; therefore, smoking prevention programmes should perhaps target early adolescents, who are closer to the age of smoking onset. © 2016 McGee et al.en_UK
dc.language.isoenen_UK
dc.publisherBioMed Centralen_UK
dc.relationMcGee CE, Trigwell J, Fairclough SJ, Murphy RC, Porcellato L, Ussher M & Foweather L (2016) Effect of a sport-for-health intervention (SmokeFree Sports) on smoking-related intentions and cognitions among 9-10 year old primary school children: a controlled trial. BMC Public Health, 16, Art. No.: 445. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3048-3en_UK
dc.rights© McGee et al. 2016 This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.en_UK
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en_UK
dc.subjectSmokingen_UK
dc.subjectpreventionen_UK
dc.subjectchildrenen_UK
dc.subjectinterventionen_UK
dc.subjectschool-baseden_UK
dc.titleEffect of a sport-for-health intervention (SmokeFree Sports) on smoking-related intentions and cognitions among 9-10 year old primary school children: a controlled trialen_UK
dc.typeJournal Articleen_UK
dc.identifier.doi10.1186/s12889-016-3048-3en_UK
dc.identifier.pmid27229464en_UK
dc.citation.jtitleBMC Public Healthen_UK
dc.citation.issn1471-2458en_UK
dc.citation.volume16en_UK
dc.citation.publicationstatusPublisheden_UK
dc.citation.peerreviewedRefereeden_UK
dc.type.statusVoR - Version of Recorden_UK
dc.author.emailmichael.ussher@stir.ac.uken_UK
dc.citation.date26/05/2016en_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationLiverpool John Moores Universityen_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationLeeds Beckett Universityen_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationEdge Hill Universityen_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationLiverpool John Moores Universityen_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationLiverpool John Moores Universityen_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationInstitute for Social Marketingen_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationLiverpool John Moores Universityen_UK
dc.identifier.isiWOS:000377166700008en_UK
dc.identifier.scopusid2-s2.0-84971349506en_UK
dc.identifier.wtid499810en_UK
dc.contributor.orcid0000-0002-0995-7955en_UK
dc.date.accepted2016-04-20en_UK
dcterms.dateAccepted2016-04-20en_UK
dc.date.filedepositdate2018-03-23en_UK
rioxxterms.apcnot requireden_UK
rioxxterms.typeJournal Article/Reviewen_UK
rioxxterms.versionVoRen_UK
local.rioxx.authorMcGee, Ciara E|en_UK
local.rioxx.authorTrigwell, Joanne|en_UK
local.rioxx.authorFairclough, Stuart J|en_UK
local.rioxx.authorMurphy, Rebecca C|en_UK
local.rioxx.authorPorcellato, Lorna|en_UK
local.rioxx.authorUssher, Michael|0000-0002-0995-7955en_UK
local.rioxx.authorFoweather, Lawrence|en_UK
local.rioxx.projectInternal Project|University of Stirling|https://isni.org/isni/0000000122484331en_UK
local.rioxx.freetoreaddate2018-04-03en_UK
local.rioxx.licencehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/|2018-04-03|en_UK
local.rioxx.filenameMcGee et al.pdfen_UK
local.rioxx.filecount1en_UK
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