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http://hdl.handle.net/1893/27331| Appears in Collections: | Communications, Media and Culture Journal Articles |
| Peer Review Status: | Refereed |
| Title: | Empowering Cinema Operators in the USA and UK, 1927-1933 |
| Author(s): | Izod, John |
| Contact Email: | k.j.izod@stir.ac.uk |
| Issue Date: | 31-Dec-2018 |
| Date Deposited: | 5-Jun-2018 |
| Citation: | Izod J (2018) Empowering Cinema Operators in the USA and UK, 1927-1933. Music, Sound, and the Moving Image, 12 (2), pp. 217-240. https://doi.org/10.3828/msmi.2018.12 |
| Abstract: | When cinema owners and managers in the USA and the United Kingdom wired their theatres for sound, most of them promptly dismissed their orchestras. As a consequence of that and other economic, technical and aesthetic alterations then underway in the cinema business, a significant change occurred in relations between exhibitors and a key group of employees in the years from 1927 to 1933. These were the workers (generally known as ‘operators’) responsible for screening the films. This paper focuses on the changes that the introduction of recorded sound, together with alterations in the business and political environments, brought to operators’ workplace duties and conditions of employment in both the United States of America and the United Kingdom. |
| DOI Link: | 10.3828/msmi.2018.12 |
| Rights: | This item has been embargoed for a period. During the embargo please use the Request a Copy feature at the foot of the Repository record to request a copy directly from the author. You can only request a copy if you wish to use this work for your own research or private study. Publisher policy allows this work to be made available in this repository. Published in Music, Sound, and the Moving Image by Liverpool University Press. The original publication is available at: https://doi.org/10.3828/msmi.2018.12 |
Files in This Item:
| File | Description | Size | Format | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accepted Manuscript (2).pdf | Fulltext - Accepted Version | 452.87 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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