Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/1893/24694
Appears in Collections:Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport Journal Articles
Peer Review Status: Refereed
Title: Do never smokers make up an increasing share of snus users as cigarette smoking declines? Changes in smoking status among male snus users in Norway 2003–15
Author(s): Lund, Karl Erik
Vedoy, Tord Finne
Bauld, Linda
Contact Email: linda.bauld@stir.ac.uk
Keywords: Nicotine alternatives
public health
smokeless
snus
tobacco
tobacco harm reduction
Issue Date: Feb-2017
Date Deposited: 15-Dec-2016
Citation: Lund KE, Vedoy TF & Bauld L (2017) Do never smokers make up an increasing share of snus users as cigarette smoking declines? Changes in smoking status among male snus users in Norway 2003–15. Addiction, 112 (2), pp. 340-348. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.13638
Abstract: Aims  To examine how the relative size of six groups of male ever snus users (current and former users of snus who were current, former or never cigarette smokers) varied over time in Norway, and how these groups differ with regard to important measures of tobacco behaviour.  Design  Repeated cross-sectional nationally representative surveys of tobacco use. The association between survey year and the six categories of ever snus use was examined using cross-tabulation and multinomial logistic regression. Differences in tobacco behaviour across snus use categories were examined using logistic and ordinary least squares (OLS) regression.  Setting  Norway, 2003–15.  Participants  A total of 2067 males aged 15–79years.  Measurements  The categories of ever snus use represented all six combinations of cigarette smoking (current, former or never) among current and former users of snus. The variables measuring tobacco behaviour were: order of product uptake (snus or cigarettes first), mean cigarette consumption, reduction from daily to occasional smoking, intention to quit cigarettes, future smoking identity and use of snus in latest quit attempt.  Findings  During the period 2003–15, the relative share of current snus users who had never smoked, and current snus users who were former smokers, increased. The share of dual users, and smokers who were former snus users, decreased. Among men who reported life-time experience with both products, a large majority had initiated their tobacco use with cigarettes. The average number of cigarettes smoked weekly was lower among dual users compared with current smokers who were former snus users or had never used snus.  Conclusions  During the period 2003–15 in Norway, which has a mature snus market, even though smoking has declined and the relative size of the category of never-smokers among male users of snus has increased, the majority of snus users are still former or current smokers.
DOI Link: 10.1111/add.13638
Rights: © 2016 The Authors. Addiction published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society for the Study of Addiction. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
Licence URL(s): http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

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