Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/1893/24423
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dc.contributor.authorCard, Nicken_UK
dc.contributor.authorMainland, Ingriden_UK
dc.contributor.authorTimpany, Scotten_UK
dc.contributor.authorTowers, Royen_UK
dc.contributor.authorBatt, Cathyen_UK
dc.contributor.authorBronk Ramsey, Christopheren_UK
dc.contributor.authorDunbar, Elaineen_UK
dc.contributor.authorReimer, Paula Jen_UK
dc.contributor.authorBayliss, Alexen_UK
dc.contributor.authorMarshall, Peteren_UK
dc.contributor.authorWhittle, Alasdairen_UK
dc.date.accessioned2017-05-05T22:11:04Z-
dc.date.available2017-05-05T22:11:04Z-
dc.date.issued2018-05-31en_UK
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1893/24423-
dc.description.abstractIn the context of unanswered questions about the nature and development of the Late Neolithic in Orkney, a summary is given of research up to 2015 on the major site at the Ness of Brodgar, Mainland, concentrating on the impressive buildings. Finding sufficient samples for radiocarbon dating was a considerable challenge. There are indications from both features and finds of activity predating the main set of buildings exposed so far by excavation. Forty-six dates on 39 samples are presented and are interpreted in a formal chronological framework. Two models are presented, reflecting different possible readings of the sequence. Both indicate that piered architecture was in use by the 30th century cal BC and that the massive Structure 10, not the first building in the sequence, was also in existence by the 30th century cal BC. Activity associated with piered architecture came to an end (in Model 2) c. 2800 cal BC. Midden and rubble infill followed. After an appreciable interval, the hearth at the centre of Structure 10 was last used c. 2500 cal BC, perhaps the only activity in an otherwise abandoned site. The remains of some 400 or more cattle were deposited over the ruins of Structure 10: in Model 2, in the mid- 25th century cal BC, but in Model 1 in the late 24th or 23rd century cal BC. The chronologies invite comparison with the near-neighbour of Barnhouse, in use from the later 32nd to the earlier 29th century cal BC, and the Stones of Stenness, probably constructed by the 30th century cal BC. The Ness, including Structure 10, appears to have outlasted Barnhouse, but probably did not endure in its primary form for as long as previously envisaged. The decay and decommissioning of the Ness might coincide with the further development of the sacred landscape around it; but precise chronologies for other sites in the surrounding landscape are urgently required. Spectacular feasting remains deposited above Structure 10 may belong to a radically changing world, coinciding (in Model 2) with the appearance of Beakers nationally, but it was arguably the by now mythic status of that building which drew people back to it.en_UK
dc.language.isoenen_UK
dc.publisherCambridge University Press for European Association of Archaeologistsen_UK
dc.relationCard N, Mainland I, Timpany S, Towers R, Batt C, Bronk Ramsey C, Dunbar E, Reimer PJ, Bayliss A, Marshall P & Whittle A (2018) To cut a long story short: formal chronological modelling for the Late Neolithic site of Ness of Brodgar, Orkney. European Journal of Archaeology, 21 (2), pp. 217-263. https://doi.org/10.1017/eaa.2016.29en_UK
dc.rightsThis article has been published in a revised form in European Journal of Archaeology https://doi.org/10.1017/eaa.2016.29. This version is free to view and download for private research and study only. Not for re-distribution, re-sale or use in derivative works. © European Association of Archaeologists 2017en_UK
dc.subjectOrkneyen_UK
dc.subjectLate Neolithicen_UK
dc.subjectGrooved Wareen_UK
dc.subjectNess of Brodgaren_UK
dc.subjectRadiocarbon Datingen_UK
dc.subjectformal chronological modellingen_UK
dc.titleTo cut a long story short: formal chronological modelling for the Late Neolithic site of Ness of Brodgar, Orkneyen_UK
dc.typeJournal Articleen_UK
dc.identifier.doi10.1017/eaa.2016.29en_UK
dc.citation.jtitleEuropean Journal of Archaeologyen_UK
dc.citation.issn1741-2722en_UK
dc.citation.issn1461-9571en_UK
dc.citation.volume21en_UK
dc.citation.issue2en_UK
dc.citation.spage217en_UK
dc.citation.epage263en_UK
dc.citation.publicationstatusPublisheden_UK
dc.citation.peerreviewedRefereeden_UK
dc.type.statusAM - Accepted Manuscripten_UK
dc.author.emailalexandra.bayliss@stir.ac.uken_UK
dc.citation.date05/04/2017en_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationUniversity of the Highlands and Islandsen_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationUniversity of the Highlands and Islandsen_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationUniversity of the Highlands and Islandsen_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationUniversity of the Highlands and Islandsen_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Bradforden_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Oxforden_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationScottish Universities Environmental Research Centreen_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationQueen's University Belfasten_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationBiological and Environmental Sciencesen_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationHistoric Englanden_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationCardiff Universityen_UK
dc.identifier.isiWOS:000430693500009en_UK
dc.identifier.scopusid2-s2.0-85041629837en_UK
dc.identifier.wtid553178en_UK
dc.contributor.orcid0000-0003-2782-1979en_UK
dc.date.accepted2016-08-12en_UK
dcterms.dateAccepted2016-08-12en_UK
dc.date.filedepositdate2016-09-20en_UK
rioxxterms.apcnot requireden_UK
rioxxterms.typeJournal Article/Reviewen_UK
rioxxterms.versionAMen_UK
local.rioxx.authorCard, Nick|en_UK
local.rioxx.authorMainland, Ingrid|en_UK
local.rioxx.authorTimpany, Scott|en_UK
local.rioxx.authorTowers, Roy|en_UK
local.rioxx.authorBatt, Cathy|en_UK
local.rioxx.authorBronk Ramsey, Christopher|en_UK
local.rioxx.authorDunbar, Elaine|en_UK
local.rioxx.authorReimer, Paula J|en_UK
local.rioxx.authorBayliss, Alex|0000-0003-2782-1979en_UK
local.rioxx.authorMarshall, Peter|en_UK
local.rioxx.authorWhittle, Alasdair|en_UK
local.rioxx.projectInternal Project|University of Stirling|https://isni.org/isni/0000000122484331en_UK
local.rioxx.freetoreaddate2017-04-05en_UK
local.rioxx.licencehttp://www.rioxx.net/licenses/under-embargo-all-rights-reserved||2017-04-05en_UK
local.rioxx.licencehttp://www.rioxx.net/licenses/all-rights-reserved|2017-04-05|en_UK
local.rioxx.filenameEJA181_R1 pdf of resubmitted version.pdfen_UK
local.rioxx.filecount1en_UK
local.rioxx.source1461-9571en_UK
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