Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/1893/15696
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dc.contributor.authorNuno, Anaen_UK
dc.contributor.authorBunnefeld, Nilsen_UK
dc.contributor.authorMilner-Gulland, Eleanor Jen_UK
dc.date.accessioned2013-07-03T23:12:58Z-
dc.date.available2013-07-03T23:12:58Zen_UK
dc.date.issued2013-04en_UK
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1893/15696-
dc.description.abstract1. Planning for conservation success requires identifying effective and efficient monitoring strategies but multiple types of uncertainty affect the accuracy and precision of wildlife abundance estimates. Observation uncertainty, a consequence of sampling effort and design as well as the process of observation, is still understudied, with little attention given to the multiple potential sources of error involved. To establish error minimization priorities and maximize monitoring efficiency, the direction and magnitude of multiple sources of uncertainty must be considered. 2. Using monitoring of two contrasting ungulate species in the Serengeti ecosystem as a case study, we developed a ‘virtual ecologist' framework within which we carried out simulated tests of different monitoring strategies for different types of species. We investigated which components of monitoring should be prioritized to increase survey accuracy and precision and explored the robustness of population estimates under different budgetary scenarios. 3. The relative importance of each process affecting precision and accuracy varied according to the survey technique and biological characteristics of the species. While survey precision was mainly affected by population characteristics and sampling effort, the accuracy of the survey was greatly affected by observer effects, such as juvenile and herd detectability. 4. Synthesis and applications. Monitoring efficiency is of the utmost importance for conservation, especially in the context of limited budgets and other priorities. We provide insights into the likely effect of different types of observation and process error on population estimates for savanna ungulates, and more generally present a framework for evaluating monitoring programmes in a virtual environment. In highly aggregated species, the main focus should be on survey precision; sampling effort should be defined according to wildlife spatial distribution. For random or slightly aggregated species, accuracy is the key factor; this is most sensitive to observer effects which should be minimized by training and calibration by observer.en_UK
dc.language.isoenen_UK
dc.publisherWiley-Blackwell for the British Ecological Societyen_UK
dc.relationNuno A, Bunnefeld N & Milner-Gulland EJ (2013) Matching observations and reality: Using simulation models to improve monitoring under uncertainty in the Serengeti. Journal of Applied Ecology, 50 (2), pp. 488-498. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12051en_UK
dc.rightsThe publisher does not allow this work to be made publicly available in this Repository. Please use the Request a Copy feature at the foot of the Repository record to request a copy directly from the author. You can only request a copy if you wish to use this work for your own research or private study.en_UK
dc.rights.urihttp://www.rioxx.net/licenses/under-embargo-all-rights-reserveden_UK
dc.subjectbiasen_UK
dc.subjectdecision-makingen_UK
dc.subjectmonitoring errorsen_UK
dc.subjectobservation modelen_UK
dc.subjectprioritizationen_UK
dc.subjectsavanna ungulatesen_UK
dc.subjectsurvey methodsen_UK
dc.subjectvirtual ecologisten_UK
dc.subjectSavanna ecologyen_UK
dc.titleMatching observations and reality: Using simulation models to improve monitoring under uncertainty in the Serengetien_UK
dc.typeJournal Articleen_UK
dc.rights.embargodate2999-12-31en_UK
dc.rights.embargoreason[NunoBunnefeldMilner-Gulland_JAE_2013.pdf] The publisher does not allow this work to be made publicly available in this Repository therefore there is an embargo on the full text of the work.en_UK
dc.identifier.doi10.1111/1365-2664.12051en_UK
dc.citation.jtitleJournal of Applied Ecologyen_UK
dc.citation.issn1365-2664en_UK
dc.citation.issn0021-8901en_UK
dc.citation.volume50en_UK
dc.citation.issue2en_UK
dc.citation.spage488en_UK
dc.citation.epage498en_UK
dc.citation.publicationstatusPublisheden_UK
dc.citation.peerreviewedRefereeden_UK
dc.type.statusVoR - Version of Recorden_UK
dc.author.emailnils.bunnefeld@stir.ac.uken_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationImperial College Londonen_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationBiological and Environmental Sciencesen_UK
dc.contributor.affiliationImperial College Londonen_UK
dc.identifier.isiWOS:000316969300023en_UK
dc.identifier.scopusid2-s2.0-84875648699en_UK
dc.identifier.wtid695758en_UK
dc.contributor.orcid0000-0002-1349-4463en_UK
dcterms.dateAccepted2013-04-30en_UK
dc.date.filedepositdate2013-06-28en_UK
rioxxterms.typeJournal Article/Reviewen_UK
rioxxterms.versionVoRen_UK
local.rioxx.authorNuno, Ana|en_UK
local.rioxx.authorBunnefeld, Nils|0000-0002-1349-4463en_UK
local.rioxx.authorMilner-Gulland, Eleanor J|en_UK
local.rioxx.projectInternal Project|University of Stirling|https://isni.org/isni/0000000122484331en_UK
local.rioxx.freetoreaddate2999-12-31en_UK
local.rioxx.licencehttp://www.rioxx.net/licenses/under-embargo-all-rights-reserved||en_UK
local.rioxx.filenameNunoBunnefeldMilner-Gulland_JAE_2013.pdfen_UK
local.rioxx.filecount1en_UK
local.rioxx.source0021-8901en_UK
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