Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/1893/12168
Appears in Collections:Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport Journal Articles
Peer Review Status: Refereed
Title: Strength training improves muscle quality and insulin sensitivity in Hispanic older adults with type 2 diabetes
Author(s): Brooks, Naomi
Layne, Jennifer E
Gordon, Patricia L
Roubenoff, Ronenn
Nelson, Miriam E
Castaneda-Sceppa, Carmen
Contact Email: n.e.brooks@stir.ac.uk
Keywords: diabetes
strength training
Hispanic
skeletal muscle
insulin sensitivity
Issue Date: 2007
Date Deposited: 22-Apr-2013
Citation: Brooks N, Layne JE, Gordon PL, Roubenoff R, Nelson ME & Castaneda-Sceppa C (2007) Strength training improves muscle quality and insulin sensitivity in Hispanic older adults with type 2 diabetes. International Journal of Medical Sciences, 4 (1), pp. 19-27. https://doi.org/10.7150/ijms.4.19
Abstract: Hispanics are at increased risk of morbidity and mortality due to their high prevalence of diabetes and poor glycemic control. Strength training is the most effective lifestyle intervention to increase muscle mass but limited data is available in older adults with diabetes. We determined the influence of strength training on muscle quality (strength per unit of muscle mass), skeletal muscle fiber hypertrophy, and metabolic control including insulin resistance (Homeostasis Model Assessment -HOMA-IR), C-Reactive Protein (CRP), adiponectin and Free Fatty Acid (FFA) levels in Hispanic older adults. Sixty-two community-dwelling Hispanics (greater than 55 y) with type 2 diabetes were randomized to 16 weeks of strength training plus standard care (ST group) or standard care alone (CON group). Skeletal muscle biopsies and biochemical measures were taken at baseline and 16 weeks. The ST group show improved muscle quality (mean+/-SE: 28+/-3) vs CON (-4+/-2, p<0.001) and increased type I (860+/-252 microm(2)) and type II fiber cross-sectional area (720+/-285 microm(2)) compared to CON (type I: -164+/-290 microm(2), p=0.04; and type II: -130+/-336 microm(2), p=0.04). This was accompanied by reduced insulin resistance [ST: median (interquartile range) -0.7(3.6) vs CON: 0.8(3.8), p=0.05]; FFA (ST: -84+/-30 micromol/L vs CON: 149+/-48 micromol/L, p=0.02); and CRP [ST: -1.3(2.9) mg/L vs CON: 0.4(2.3) mg/L, p=0.05]. Serum adiponectin increased with ST [1.0(1.8) microg/mL] compared to CON [-1.2(2.2) microg/mL, p less than 0.001]. Strength training improved muscle quality and whole-body insulin sensitivity. Decreased inflammation and increased adiponectin levels were related with improved metabolic control. Further studies are needed to understand the mechanisms associated with these findings. However, these data show that strength training is an exercise modality to consider as an adjunct of standard of care in high risk populations with type 2 diabetes.
DOI Link: 10.7150/ijms.4.19
Rights: Publisher allows this work to be made available in this repository. Published in International Journal of Medical Sciences, 4.1, pp.19-27, 2007, by Ivyspring International Publisher with the following policy: Author retains the right to post the Article in the Author's own or institutional web sites

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