Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/1893/12165
Appears in Collections:Management, Work and Organisation Journal Articles
Peer Review Status: Refereed
Title: Conceptualizing gratitude and appreciation as a unitary personality trait
Author(s): Wood, Alex M
Maltby, John
Stewart, Neil
Joseph, Stephen
Contact Email: alex.wood@stir.ac.uk
Keywords: gratitude
appreciation
multigroup CFA
factor analysis
confirmatory factor analysis
positive psychology
well-being
personality
GQ6
GRAT
appreciation scale
Gratitude
Issue Date: Feb-2008
Date Deposited: 22-Apr-2013
Citation: Wood AM, Maltby J, Stewart N & Joseph S (2008) Conceptualizing gratitude and appreciation as a unitary personality trait. Personality and Individual Differences, 44 (3), pp. 621-632. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2007.09.028
Abstract: Gratitude and appreciation are currently measured using three self-report instruments, the GQ6 (1 scale), the Appreciation Scale (8 scales), and the GRAT (3 scales). Two studies were conducted to test how these three instruments are interrelated, whether they exist under the same higher order factor or factors, and whether gratitude and appreciation is a single or multi-factorial construct. In Study 1 (N = 206) all 12 scales were subjected to an exploratory factor analysis. Both parallel analysis and the minimum average partial method indicated a clear one-factor solution. In Study 2 (N = 389) multigroup confirmatory factor analysis supported the one-factor structure, demonstrated the invariance of this structure across gender, and ruled out the confounding effect of socially desirable responding. We conclude gratitude and appreciation are a single-factor personality trait. We suggest integration of gratitude and appreciation literatures and provide a clearer conceptualization of gratitude.
DOI Link: 10.1016/j.paid.2007.09.028
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